SQL Server must enforce access restrictions associated with changes to the configuration of the database(s).

Overview

Finding ID	Version	Rule ID	IA Controls	Severity
V-79111	SQL6-D0-003100	SV-93817r2_rule		Medium

Description
Failure to provide logical access restrictions associated with changes to configuration may have significant effects on the overall security of the system. When dealing with access restrictions pertaining to change control, it should be noted that any changes to the hardware, software, and/or firmware components of the information system can potentially have significant effects on the overall security of the system. Accordingly, only qualified and authorized individuals should be allowed to obtain access to system components for the purposes of initiating changes, including upgrades and modifications.

Description

Failure to provide logical access restrictions associated with changes to configuration may have significant effects on the overall security of the system. When dealing with access restrictions pertaining to change control, it should be noted that any changes to the hardware, software, and/or firmware components of the information system can potentially have significant effects on the overall security of the system. Accordingly, only qualified and authorized individuals should be allowed to obtain access to system components for the purposes of initiating changes, including upgrades and modifications.

STIG	Date
MS SQL Server 2016 Database Security Technical Implementation Guide	2019-12-12

Details

Check Text ( C-78703r2_chk )
Execute the following query to obtain a listing of user databases whose owner is a member of a fixed server role: SELECT D.name AS database_name, SUSER_SNAME(D.owner_sid) AS owner_name, FRM.is_fixed_role_member FROM sys.databases D OUTER APPLY ( SELECT MAX(fixed_role_member) AS is_fixed_role_member FROM ( SELECT IS_SRVROLEMEMBER(R.name, SUSER_SNAME(D.owner_sid)) AS fixed_role_member FROM sys.server_principals R WHERE is_fixed_role = 1 ) A ) FRM WHERE D.database_id > 4 AND (FRM.is_fixed_role_member = 1 OR FRM.is_fixed_role_member IS NULL) ORDER BY database_name If no databases are returned, this is not a finding. For each database/login returned, review the Server Role memberships 1. In SQL Server Management Studio, Expand “Logins” 2. Double-click the name of the Login 3. Click the “Server Roles” tab If any server roles are selected, but not documented and authorized, this is a finding.

Check Text ( C-78703r2_chk )

Execute the following query to obtain a listing of user databases whose owner is a member of a fixed server role:

SELECT
D.name AS database_name, SUSER_SNAME(D.owner_sid) AS owner_name,
FRM.is_fixed_role_member
FROM sys.databases D
OUTER APPLY (
SELECT MAX(fixed_role_member) AS is_fixed_role_member
FROM (
SELECT IS_SRVROLEMEMBER(R.name, SUSER_SNAME(D.owner_sid)) AS fixed_role_member
FROM sys.server_principals R
WHERE is_fixed_role = 1
) A
) FRM
WHERE D.database_id > 4
AND (FRM.is_fixed_role_member = 1
OR FRM.is_fixed_role_member IS NULL)
ORDER BY database_name

If no databases are returned, this is not a finding.

For each database/login returned, review the Server Role memberships

1. In SQL Server Management Studio, Expand “Logins”
2. Double-click the name of the Login
3. Click the “Server Roles” tab

If any server roles are selected, but not documented and authorized, this is a finding.

Fix Text (F-85863r1_fix)
Remove unauthorized users from roles: ALTER ROLE DROP MEMBER user; https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms189775.aspx Set the owner of the database to an authorized login: ALTER AUTHORIZATION ON database::DatabaseName TO login; https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms187359.aspx